Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding. Lu R, Zhao X, Li J, Niu P, Yang B, Wu H, Wang W, Song H, Huang B, Zhu N, Bi Y, Ma X, Zhan F, Wang L, Hu T, Zhou H, Hu Z, Zhou W, Zhao L, Chen J, Meng Y, Wang J, Lin Y, Yuan J, Xie Z, Ma J, Liu WJ, Wang D, Xu W, Holmes EC, Gao GF, Wu G, Chen W, Shi W, Tan W. Lancet. 2020 Jan 30. pii: S0140-6736(20)30251-8. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30251-8. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 32007145
Lancet. 2020 Jan 30. pii: S0140-6736(20)30211-7. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7. [Epub ahead of print] Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study.
fever (82 [83%] patients), cough (81 [82%] patients), shortness of breath (31 [31%] patients), muscle ache (11 [11%] patients), confusion (nine [9%] patients), headache (eight [8%] patients), sore throat (five [5%] patients), rhinorrhoea (four [4%] patients), chest pain (two [2%] patients), diarrhoea (two [2%] patients), and nausea and vomiting (one [1%] patient). d multiple mottling and ground-glass opacity, and one (1%) patient had pneumothorax. 17 (17%) patients developed acute respiratory distress syndrome and, among them, 11 (11%) patients worsened in a short period of time and died of multiple organ failure.
In late December, 2019, patients presenting with viral pneumonia due to an unidentified microbial agent were reported in Wuhan, China. A novel coronavirus was subsequently identified as the causative pathogen, provisionally named 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). As of Jan 26, 2020, more than 2000 cases of 2019-nCoV infection have been confirmed, most of which involved people living in or visiting Wuhan, and human-to-human transmission has been confirmed.
METHODS:
We did next-generation sequencing of samples from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and cultured isolates from nine inpatients, eight of whom had visited the Huanan seafood market in Wuhan. Complete and partial 2019-nCoV genome sequences were obtained from these individuals. Viral contigs were connected using Sanger sequencing to obtain the full-length genomes, with the terminal regions determined by rapid amplification of cDNA ends. Phylogenetic analysis of these 2019-nCoV genomes and those of other coronaviruses was used to determine the evolutionary history of the virus and help infer its likely origin. Homology modelling was done to explore the likely receptor-binding properties of the virus.
FINDINGS:
The ten genome sequences of 2019-nCoV obtained from the nine patients were extremely similar, exhibiting more than 99·98% sequence identity. Notably, 2019-nCoV was closely related (with 88% identity) to two bat-derived severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-like coronaviruses, bat-SL-CoVZC45 and bat-SL-CoVZXC21, collected in 2018 in Zhoushan, eastern China, but were more distant from SARS-CoV (about 79%) and MERS-CoV (about 50%). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 2019-nCoV fell within the subgenus Sarbecovirus of the genus Betacoronavirus, with a relatively long branch length to its closest relatives bat-SL-CoVZC45 and bat-SL-CoVZXC21, and was genetically distinct from SARS-CoV. Notably, homology modelling revealed that 2019-nCoV had a similar receptor-binding domain structure to that of SARS-CoV, despite amino acid variation at some key residues.
INTERPRETATION:
2019-nCoV is sufficiently divergent from SARS-CoV to be considered a new human-infecting betacoronavirus. Although our phylogenetic analysis suggests that bats might be the original host of this virus, an animal sold at the seafood market in Wuhan might represent an intermediate host facilitating the emergence of the virus in humans. Importantly, structural analysis suggests that 2019-nCoV might be able to bind to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor in humans. The future evolution, adaptation, and spread of this virus warrant urgent investigation.
FUNDING:
National Key Research and Development Program of China, National Major Project for Control and Prevention of Infectious Disease in China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shandong First Medical University.
>「2019-nCoV(今回のウイルス) might also use angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a cell receptor」とあるからACE2という酵素がウイルスに結合する=受容体という意味なんでしょね。細胞膜に発現しているACE2という酵素にこのウイルスは結合するということのようで、ちと当方の古い感覚でいうと結合してなにか応答する(情報を伝える)というのが受容体で、まだよくわからないけど単に結合する蛋白くらいの感じなんですけどね。ま、結合(bind)するだけでも受容体と呼ぶのならそれでもいいですけど。
コメント
ま頑張って勉強したまえ
医師法違反でっせ。
2020/02/05 URL 編集
>興味あることに、変異ウイルスが、人の細胞に侵入する際、 angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptorを使うという事実だ(下線部分)。
アンジオテンシンII受容体をブロックする薬(拮抗薬)は、降圧剤である。
ここで降圧剤のところのリンクがACE阻害薬(アンジオテンシン変換酵素阻害薬)になってるけどARB(アンジオテンシンⅡ受容体拮抗薬)の間違いじゃない?223 名前:名無しゲノムのクローンさん(ワッチョイ a60c-2SxG)2020/02/04(火) 11:34:54.29ID:a/kUg9Ir0>>222
うん、間違ってる。でも、そんな学の間違いを探すのは精神的に良くないよ。
そもそも学の論調自体が大きく歪んでいるからね。
「わたしはお医者様よ!」って言いたいだけだから(笑
2020/02/04 URL 編集